{"id":4237,"date":"2025-10-29T22:32:11","date_gmt":"2025-10-29T19:32:11","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.sektorturk.com\/?p=4237"},"modified":"2025-10-29T22:34:40","modified_gmt":"2025-10-29T19:34:40","slug":"basel-komitesi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/tr.sektorturk.com\/?p=4237","title":{"rendered":"BASEL KOM\u0130TES\u0130"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

D\u00fcnyada finansal sistemin g\u00fcvenli, \u015feffaf ve s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fclebilir bir bi\u00e7imde i\u015flemesini sa\u011flayan \u00e7ok say\u0131da uluslararas\u0131 kurum bulunuyor. Ancak bunlar aras\u0131nda en sessiz ama en etkili akt\u00f6rlerden biri ku\u015fkusuz Basel Bankac\u0131l\u0131k Denetim Komitesi\u2019dir. 1974 y\u0131l\u0131nda \u0130svi\u00e7re\u2019nin Basel kentinde kurulan bu komite, ad\u0131n\u0131 da toplant\u0131 yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u015fehirden alm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Asl\u0131nda bu komite ne bir uluslararas\u0131 \u00f6rg\u00fct ne de ba\u011flay\u0131c\u0131 kararlar alma yetkisine sahip bir kurumdur. Buna ra\u011fmen ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 kararlar, haz\u0131rlad\u0131\u011f\u0131 d\u00fczenlemeler ve \u00f6nerdi\u011fi standartlar sayesinde k\u00fcresel finans sisteminin adeta pusulas\u0131 h\u00e2line gelmi\u015ftir.
Basel Komitesi\u2019nin Kurulu\u015f Nedenleri
Basel Komitesi\u2019nin do\u011fu\u015fu, 1970\u2019li y\u0131llarda ya\u015fanan bir dizi finansal kriz ve banka iflas\u0131n\u0131n ard\u0131ndan g\u00fcndeme gelmi\u015ftir. \u00d6zellikle 1974 y\u0131l\u0131nda Almanya merkezli Herstatt Bankas\u0131\u2019n\u0131n \u00e7\u00f6k\u00fc\u015f\u00fc, uluslararas\u0131 bankac\u0131l\u0131k sisteminde b\u00fcy\u00fck sars\u0131nt\u0131lara neden olmu\u015ftur. Bankan\u0131n d\u00f6viz i\u015flemleri s\u0131ras\u0131nda ya\u015fanan zaman fark\u0131 nedeniyle taraflar\u0131n b\u00fcy\u00fck zarara u\u011framas\u0131, \u00fclkeler aras\u0131nda bankac\u0131l\u0131k denetiminin uyumsuzlu\u011funun ne kadar tehlikeli oldu\u011funu ortaya koymu\u015ftur.<\/p>\n\n\n

\n
\"\"<\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n


Bu olay, finansal sistemin k\u00fcreselle\u015fti\u011fi bir d\u00f6nemde ulusal s\u0131n\u0131rlar i\u00e7inde y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclen denetimlerin yetersizli\u011fini net bi\u00e7imde g\u00f6stermi\u015ftir. Bunun \u00fczerine G10 \u00fclkelerinin merkez bankalar\u0131 bir araya gelerek, uluslararas\u0131 \u00f6l\u00e7ekte bankac\u0131l\u0131k denetimi ve g\u00f6zetimine ili\u015fkin ilk koordinasyon organ\u0131 olan Basel Bankac\u0131l\u0131k Denetim Komitesi (Basel Committee on Banking Supervision- BCBS)\u2019ni kurmu\u015flard\u0131r.
Ama\u00e7: G\u00fcven, \u015eeffafl\u0131k ve Sermaye Yeterlili\u011fi Komitenin temel amac\u0131, bankac\u0131l\u0131k sisteminin dayan\u0131kl\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 art\u0131rmak, uluslararas\u0131 d\u00fczeyde denetim ve g\u00f6zetim standartlar\u0131n\u0131 uyumla\u015ft\u0131rmak ve finansal krizlerin etkilerini azaltmakt\u0131r. Bunu yaparken do\u011frudan m\u00fcdahale eden bir otorite de\u011fil, rehberlik eden bir d\u00fczenleyici \u00e7er\u00e7eve sa\u011flay\u0131c\u0131 rol\u00fc \u00fcstlenir. Basel Komitesi\u2019nin en bilinen katk\u0131s\u0131, ku\u015fkusuz \u201cBasel Sermaye Uzla\u015f\u0131lar\u0131\u201d olarak adland\u0131r\u0131lan \u00fc\u00e7 b\u00fcy\u00fck reform paketidir: Basel I, Basel II ve Basel III.
Basel I: Sermaye Yeterlili\u011fi D\u00f6nemi
1988 y\u0131l\u0131nda yay\u0131mlanan Basel I, bankalar\u0131n kredi riskine kar\u015f\u0131 ne kadar sermaye tutmalar\u0131 gerekti\u011fini belirleyen ilk k\u00fcresel standartt\u0131r. Bu d\u00fczenleme, bankalar\u0131n sahip olduklar\u0131 riskli varl\u0131klar\u0131n belirli bir y\u00fczdesi oran\u0131nda sermaye bulundurmalar\u0131n\u0131 \u015fart ko\u015fmu\u015ftur. \u00d6rne\u011fin, bir bankan\u0131n 100 milyon dolarl\u0131k kredi riski varsa, en az 8 milyon dolarl\u0131k \u00f6z sermaye bulundurmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fi kabul edilmi\u015ftir.
Basel I, finansal sistemde disiplin sa\u011flam\u0131\u015f ve sermaye yeterlili\u011fi kavram\u0131n\u0131 uluslararas\u0131 bankac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n merkezine yerle\u015ftirmi\u015ftir. Ancak zamanla finansal \u00fcr\u00fcnlerin \u00e7e\u015fitlenmesi, t\u00fcrev piyasalar\u0131n b\u00fcy\u00fcmesi ve riskin daha karma\u015f\u0131k h\u00e2le gelmesiyle bu \u00e7er\u00e7eve yetersiz kalm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.
Basel II: Risk Y\u00f6netiminin Derinle\u015fmesi
2004 y\u0131l\u0131nda devreye al\u0131nan Basel II Uzla\u015f\u0131s\u0131, sadece kredi riskine de\u011fil, ayn\u0131 zamanda piyasa riski ve operasyonel risk gibi yeni boyutlara da yer vermi\u015ftir. Basel II, riskin \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcm\u00fcnde bankalara daha fazla sorumluluk ve esneklik tan\u0131m\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. \u201c\u0130\u00e7sel derecelendirme\u201d sistemleri sayesinde bankalar kendi risk modellerini kullanabilmeye ba\u015flam\u0131\u015f, ancak bu durum denetim kurumlar\u0131n\u0131n y\u00fck\u00fcn\u00fc de art\u0131rm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.
Basel II ayn\u0131 zamanda piyasa disiplini kavram\u0131n\u0131 g\u00fc\u00e7lendirerek, bankalardan finansal raporlar\u0131n\u0131 daha \u015feffaf bi\u00e7imde kamuya a\u00e7\u0131klamalar\u0131n\u0131 istemi\u015ftir. B\u00f6ylece hem yat\u0131r\u0131mc\u0131lar hem de d\u00fczenleyici kurumlar, bankalar\u0131n risk profillerini daha iyi analiz edebilmi\u015ftir.
Basel III: Kriz Sonras\u0131 Yeniden Yap\u0131lanma
2008 k\u00fcresel finans krizi, Basel II\u2019nin zay\u0131f noktalar\u0131n\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a g\u00f6stermi\u015ftir. B\u00fcy\u00fck bankalar\u0131n y\u00fcksek kald\u0131ra\u00e7 oranlar\u0131, yetersiz likidite tamponlar\u0131 ve karma\u015f\u0131k t\u00fcrev i\u015flemleri, sistemik riskin ne kadar h\u0131zl\u0131 yay\u0131labilece\u011fini ortaya koymu\u015ftur. Bunun \u00fczerine 2010 y\u0131l\u0131nda Basel III uzla\u015f\u0131s\u0131 ilan edilmi\u015ftir.
Basel III ile birlikte sermaye kalitesi art\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f, likidite gereklilikleri getirilmi\u015f ve kald\u0131ra\u00e7 oran\u0131 s\u0131n\u0131rland\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Art\u0131k bankalar\u0131n sadece sermaye miktar\u0131 de\u011fil, sermayenin niteli\u011fi de \u00f6nem kazanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. \u201c\u00c7ekirdek sermaye\u201d (Tier 1 Capital) oranlar\u0131 y\u00fckseltilmi\u015f, kriz d\u00f6nemlerinde \u015foklara kar\u015f\u0131 dayan\u0131kl\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 art\u0131rmak amac\u0131yla kar\u015f\u0131-d\u00f6ng\u00fcsel sermaye tamponlar\u0131 gibi yeni ara\u00e7lar devreye al\u0131nm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.
Basel III ayr\u0131ca finansal kurulu\u015flar\u0131n birbirine ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 azaltmay\u0131 hedefleyerek, sistemik \u00f6neme sahip bankalar (SIFI) i\u00e7in ek sermaye y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fckleri getirmi\u015ftir. B\u00f6ylece \u201cbatamayacak kadar b\u00fcy\u00fck\u201d olarak nitelendirilen bankalar\u0131n denetimi s\u0131k\u0131la\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.
T\u00fcrkiye ve Basel Standartlar\u0131
T\u00fcrkiye, Basel standartlar\u0131n\u0131 yak\u0131ndan takip eden \u00fclkeler aras\u0131nda yer almaktad\u0131r. Bankac\u0131l\u0131k D\u00fczenleme ve Denetleme Kurumu (BDDK), Basel kriterlerini T\u00fcrk bankac\u0131l\u0131k sistemiyle uyumlu hale getirmek i\u00e7in \u00f6nemli ad\u0131mlar atm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. T\u00fcrk bankalar\u0131, \u00f6zellikle Basel II\u2019den itibaren sermaye yeterlili\u011fi, likidite oranlar\u0131 ve risk y\u00f6netimi a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan b\u00fcy\u00fck ilerleme kaydetmi\u015ftir.
Basel III\u2019\u00fcn uygulanmas\u0131yla birlikte T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de bankalar daha g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc sermaye yap\u0131s\u0131na kavu\u015fmu\u015f, stres testleri ve i\u00e7 denetim sistemleri daha etkin h\u00e2le gelmi\u015ftir. Bu durum, \u00fclkenin finansal istikrar\u0131na \u00f6nemli katk\u0131 sa\u011flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.
Gelece\u011fe Bak\u0131\u015f: Basel IV ve Dijital D\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm
Basel Komitesi bug\u00fcn, k\u00fcresel finans d\u00fcnyas\u0131n\u0131n yeni s\u0131nav\u0131 olan dijitalle\u015fme ve iklim riski konular\u0131na odaklanm\u0131\u015f durumdad\u0131r. Kripto varl\u0131klar\u0131n y\u00fckseli\u015fi, siber g\u00fcvenlik tehditleri ve iklim de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011finin finansal etkileri, komitenin yeni \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma alanlar\u0131n\u0131 olu\u015fturuyor. Ayr\u0131ca \u201cBasel IV\u201d olarak adland\u0131r\u0131lan yeni d\u00fczenlemelerle birlikte risk \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcm modellerinin daha sadele\u015ftirilmesi, \u015feffafl\u0131\u011f\u0131n art\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 ve veri temelli denetimlerin g\u00fc\u00e7lendirilmesi hedeflenmektedir.
Basel Komitesi, do\u011frudan ba\u011flay\u0131c\u0131 kararlar almasa da haz\u0131rlad\u0131\u011f\u0131 standartlar sayesinde d\u00fcnya genelinde bankac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n ortak bir etik ve g\u00fcven temeli \u00fczerine in\u015fa edilmesini sa\u011flamaktad\u0131r. K\u00fcresel \u00f6l\u00e7ekte finansal istikrar\u0131n korunmas\u0131, asl\u0131nda bu sessiz ama etkili kurumun \u00e7izdi\u011fi yolda ilerleyen bir uyum s\u00fcrecinin \u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcd\u00fcr.
Sonu\u00e7: G\u00f6r\u00fcnmeyen Bir Finans Mimarisi
Basel Komitesi, belki man\u015fetlere \u00e7\u0131kmayan ama ekonomilerin bel kemi\u011fini olu\u015fturan finansal sistemin g\u00f6r\u00fcnmeyen mimarlar\u0131ndan biridir. Kurallar\u0131, ulusal mevzuatlar aras\u0131nda k\u00f6pr\u00fc kurarak, d\u00fcnya ekonomisinin krizlere kar\u015f\u0131 daha diren\u00e7li olmas\u0131na katk\u0131 sa\u011flar.
Bug\u00fcn dijital bankac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n, yapay zek\u00e2n\u0131n ve s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fclebilir finans\u0131n konu\u015fuldu\u011fu bir \u00e7a\u011fda Basel Komitesi\u2019nin rol\u00fc, belki de hi\u00e7 olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 kadar \u00f6nemlidir. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc g\u00fcvenin olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 yerde sermaye, sermayenin olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 yerde ise istikrar olamaz. Basel Komitesi tam da bu dengeyi korumak i\u00e7in varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00fcrd\u00fcrmektedir.
ZAFER \u00d6ZC\u0130VAN
Ekonomist-Yazar
Zaferozcivan59@gmail.com<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

<\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

D\u00fcnyada finansal sistemin g\u00fcvenli, \u015feffaf ve s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fclebilir bir bi\u00e7imde i\u015flemesini sa\u011flayan \u00e7ok say\u0131da uluslararas\u0131 kurum bulunuyor. Ancak bunlar aras\u0131nda en sessiz ama en etkili akt\u00f6rlerden biri ku\u015fkusuz Basel Bankac\u0131l\u0131k Denetim Komitesi\u2019dir. 1974 y\u0131l\u0131nda \u0130svi\u00e7re\u2019nin Basel kentinde kurulan bu komite, ad\u0131n\u0131 da toplant\u0131 yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u015fehirden alm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Asl\u0131nda bu komite ne bir uluslararas\u0131 \u00f6rg\u00fct ne de ba\u011flay\u0131c\u0131 kararlar alma yetkisine sahip bir kurumdur. Buna ra\u011fmen ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 kararlar, haz\u0131rlad\u0131\u011f\u0131 d\u00fczenlemeler ve \u00f6nerdi\u011fi standartlar sayesinde k\u00fcresel finans sisteminin adeta pusulas\u0131 h\u00e2line gelmi\u015ftir.Basel Komitesi\u2019nin Kurulu\u015f NedenleriBasel Komitesi\u2019nin do\u011fu\u015fu, 1970\u2019li y\u0131llarda ya\u015fanan bir dizi finansal kriz ve banka iflas\u0131n\u0131n ard\u0131ndan g\u00fcndeme gelmi\u015ftir. \u00d6zellikle 1974 y\u0131l\u0131nda Almanya merkezli Herstatt Bankas\u0131\u2019n\u0131n \u00e7\u00f6k\u00fc\u015f\u00fc, uluslararas\u0131 bankac\u0131l\u0131k sisteminde b\u00fcy\u00fck sars\u0131nt\u0131lara neden olmu\u015ftur. Bankan\u0131n d\u00f6viz i\u015flemleri s\u0131ras\u0131nda ya\u015fanan zaman fark\u0131 nedeniyle taraflar\u0131n b\u00fcy\u00fck zarara u\u011framas\u0131, \u00fclkeler aras\u0131nda bankac\u0131l\u0131k denetiminin uyumsuzlu\u011funun ne kadar tehlikeli oldu\u011funu ortaya koymu\u015ftur. Bu olay, finansal sistemin k\u00fcreselle\u015fti\u011fi bir d\u00f6nemde ulusal s\u0131n\u0131rlar i\u00e7inde y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclen denetimlerin yetersizli\u011fini net bi\u00e7imde g\u00f6stermi\u015ftir. Bunun \u00fczerine G10 \u00fclkelerinin merkez bankalar\u0131 bir araya gelerek, uluslararas\u0131 \u00f6l\u00e7ekte bankac\u0131l\u0131k denetimi ve g\u00f6zetimine ili\u015fkin ilk koordinasyon organ\u0131 olan Basel Bankac\u0131l\u0131k Denetim Komitesi (Basel Committee on Banking Supervision- BCBS)\u2019ni kurmu\u015flard\u0131r.Ama\u00e7: G\u00fcven, \u015eeffafl\u0131k ve Sermaye Yeterlili\u011fi Komitenin temel amac\u0131, bankac\u0131l\u0131k sisteminin dayan\u0131kl\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 art\u0131rmak, uluslararas\u0131 d\u00fczeyde denetim ve g\u00f6zetim standartlar\u0131n\u0131 uyumla\u015ft\u0131rmak ve finansal krizlerin etkilerini azaltmakt\u0131r. Bunu yaparken do\u011frudan m\u00fcdahale eden bir otorite de\u011fil, rehberlik eden bir d\u00fczenleyici \u00e7er\u00e7eve sa\u011flay\u0131c\u0131 rol\u00fc \u00fcstlenir. Basel Komitesi\u2019nin en bilinen katk\u0131s\u0131, ku\u015fkusuz \u201cBasel Sermaye Uzla\u015f\u0131lar\u0131\u201d olarak adland\u0131r\u0131lan \u00fc\u00e7 b\u00fcy\u00fck reform paketidir: Basel I, Basel II ve Basel III.Basel I: Sermaye Yeterlili\u011fi D\u00f6nemi1988 y\u0131l\u0131nda yay\u0131mlanan Basel I, bankalar\u0131n kredi riskine kar\u015f\u0131 ne kadar sermaye tutmalar\u0131 gerekti\u011fini belirleyen ilk k\u00fcresel standartt\u0131r. Bu d\u00fczenleme, bankalar\u0131n sahip olduklar\u0131 riskli varl\u0131klar\u0131n belirli bir y\u00fczdesi oran\u0131nda sermaye bulundurmalar\u0131n\u0131 \u015fart ko\u015fmu\u015ftur. \u00d6rne\u011fin, bir bankan\u0131n 100 milyon dolarl\u0131k kredi riski varsa, en az 8 milyon dolarl\u0131k \u00f6z sermaye bulundurmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fi kabul edilmi\u015ftir.Basel I, finansal sistemde disiplin sa\u011flam\u0131\u015f ve sermaye yeterlili\u011fi kavram\u0131n\u0131 uluslararas\u0131 bankac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n merkezine yerle\u015ftirmi\u015ftir. Ancak zamanla finansal \u00fcr\u00fcnlerin \u00e7e\u015fitlenmesi, t\u00fcrev piyasalar\u0131n b\u00fcy\u00fcmesi ve riskin daha karma\u015f\u0131k h\u00e2le gelmesiyle bu \u00e7er\u00e7eve yetersiz kalm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.Basel II: Risk Y\u00f6netiminin Derinle\u015fmesi2004 y\u0131l\u0131nda devreye al\u0131nan Basel II Uzla\u015f\u0131s\u0131, sadece kredi riskine de\u011fil, ayn\u0131 zamanda piyasa riski ve operasyonel risk gibi yeni boyutlara da yer vermi\u015ftir. Basel II, riskin \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcm\u00fcnde bankalara daha fazla sorumluluk ve esneklik tan\u0131m\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. \u201c\u0130\u00e7sel derecelendirme\u201d sistemleri sayesinde bankalar kendi risk modellerini kullanabilmeye ba\u015flam\u0131\u015f, ancak bu durum denetim kurumlar\u0131n\u0131n y\u00fck\u00fcn\u00fc de art\u0131rm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.Basel II ayn\u0131 zamanda piyasa disiplini kavram\u0131n\u0131 g\u00fc\u00e7lendirerek, bankalardan finansal raporlar\u0131n\u0131 daha \u015feffaf bi\u00e7imde kamuya a\u00e7\u0131klamalar\u0131n\u0131 istemi\u015ftir. B\u00f6ylece hem yat\u0131r\u0131mc\u0131lar hem de d\u00fczenleyici kurumlar, bankalar\u0131n risk profillerini daha iyi analiz edebilmi\u015ftir.Basel III: Kriz Sonras\u0131 Yeniden Yap\u0131lanma2008 k\u00fcresel finans krizi, Basel II\u2019nin zay\u0131f noktalar\u0131n\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a g\u00f6stermi\u015ftir. B\u00fcy\u00fck bankalar\u0131n y\u00fcksek kald\u0131ra\u00e7 oranlar\u0131, yetersiz likidite tamponlar\u0131 ve karma\u015f\u0131k t\u00fcrev i\u015flemleri, sistemik riskin ne kadar h\u0131zl\u0131 yay\u0131labilece\u011fini ortaya koymu\u015ftur. Bunun \u00fczerine 2010 y\u0131l\u0131nda Basel III uzla\u015f\u0131s\u0131 ilan edilmi\u015ftir.Basel III ile birlikte sermaye kalitesi art\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f, likidite gereklilikleri getirilmi\u015f ve kald\u0131ra\u00e7 oran\u0131 s\u0131n\u0131rland\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Art\u0131k bankalar\u0131n sadece sermaye miktar\u0131 de\u011fil, sermayenin niteli\u011fi de \u00f6nem kazanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. \u201c\u00c7ekirdek sermaye\u201d (Tier 1 Capital) oranlar\u0131 y\u00fckseltilmi\u015f, kriz d\u00f6nemlerinde \u015foklara kar\u015f\u0131 dayan\u0131kl\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 art\u0131rmak amac\u0131yla kar\u015f\u0131-d\u00f6ng\u00fcsel sermaye tamponlar\u0131 gibi yeni ara\u00e7lar devreye al\u0131nm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.Basel III ayr\u0131ca finansal kurulu\u015flar\u0131n birbirine ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 azaltmay\u0131 hedefleyerek, sistemik \u00f6neme sahip bankalar (SIFI) i\u00e7in ek sermaye y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fckleri getirmi\u015ftir. B\u00f6ylece \u201cbatamayacak kadar b\u00fcy\u00fck\u201d olarak nitelendirilen bankalar\u0131n denetimi…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":4239,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1,26,267],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-4237","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-genel","category-kose-yazarlari","category-zafer-ozcivan"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/tr.sektorturk.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4237","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/tr.sektorturk.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/tr.sektorturk.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tr.sektorturk.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tr.sektorturk.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=4237"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/tr.sektorturk.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4237\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4238,"href":"https:\/\/tr.sektorturk.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4237\/revisions\/4238"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tr.sektorturk.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/4239"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/tr.sektorturk.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=4237"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tr.sektorturk.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=4237"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tr.sektorturk.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=4237"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}